System of reinforcement for concrete slabs.



J. E. CONZELMAN. SYSTEM OP RBINPORGBMBNT PoR CONCRETE sLABs.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 27, 1911.

' Patented July 2, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

J. E. CONZELMAN.

SYSTEM OF REINFORGEMENT FOR CONCRETE SLABS. APPLICATION FILED APR. 27, 1911.

1,03 1,045. Patented July 2,1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. E. CONZELMAN. SYSTEM 0E EEINEOECEMENT EOE CONCRETE sLABs.

APPLICATION FILED APRA 27, 1911.

1,03 1,045. Patented July 2, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@yV/Lm :l @Alarma/how:

rar n Jenn E. CONZELMAN, ori s'r. LOUIS, MISSOURI, Assiettes-.prio UNIT cons'rncfron coMPANY, or S'r. LOUIS, MISsouRLn coarona'rron'or DELAWARE.

SYSTElVI 0F FEINFORCEMENT F013 'CONCRETE SLABS.-

Tol all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. CONZELMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented cert-ain new and useful 'Improvements in Systems of Reinforcement for Concrete Slabs, of which the following is a specification,

This invention relates to concrete construction in which concrete Slabs rest on concrete beams or other supports and are themselves united to form a rigidand unitary structure.

The chief object of ,the present invention is'to provide an improved system of reinforcement for concrete slabs so that, by Ausing less steel and concrete than' is customarily used in the formation of reinforced concrete Slabs, the slabs can be made as strong and ldurable as slabs heretofore made.

.The saving of steel and co'n'crete that results from the use of this system of rein# forcement not only reduces the ycost vof con-l struction to a minimum, but, also',l lessens the dead weight of the structure.

Another object of the present invention is toprovidea. system of reinforcement for concrete slabs, whereby cracks are prevented from forming in the top and bottom 'surfaces of the slabs. Y

Further, this invention consists in the provision of a system of reinforcement in which the ends of thereinforcing bars are anchored in., such manner so that the chance of sudden lfailure or breaking of the adhesion between the bars and the concrete is lessened and, also, so that continuous action lof the reinforcement in adjoining slabs is obtained.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which like numbers .of reference denote like parts wherever they occur, Figure 1 is a perspec- -tive View showing the particular type of slab in which this system of reinforcement is used; 2 is a sectional view of a structure composed of a plurality of ,such slabs; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of one of the slabs, part of the same being broken away to expose the reinforcement; Fig. 4 is a sectional View, on an enlarged scale, on the line 4 4, Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a sectional View of an alternate form of slab; Fig.' 6 is a top plan view, of a slab, part of thesame being broken away to expose an alternate form ofrelriforcement; Fig. 7 is a sectional view,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led April 27, 1911. Serial No. 628,751.

Patented July 25, 15912.

on an enlarged scale, on the line 7-7, Fig. 6; Fig. 8. is a top plan view of a slab, part of same being broken away to expose an alternate form of reinforcement; end Fig'.

9 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, on the 1in/e 9*-9, Fig. 8.

Each slab l is molded with any desired conguration and is provided with a ange 2, which projects downwardly from the sides and ends of same. Said slab may be formed with a uniform thickness through-v out, as depicted in Figs. 4, 7, and 9, or, if.

my copending applica-l nally thereof. When two slabs are placed inpositiori on beams 4, a crackS -is left between the adjoining sides of said Slabs and the grooves 7 in saidsides register with each other. Boards or formers (not shown in the drawings) are placed underneath cracks 8 and grout or similar cement mixture or wet concrete is poured into said cracks and,

also', upon said. boards or formers. When the grout or other mixture is poured into a crack 8, the same is leveled olf flush with the surface of slabs 1, and, when'it sets, forms a cement or concrete key 9 with tongues 10 projecting into grooves 7 and unites the adjoining sides of slabs 1 that form said crack integrally together, as in the construction constituting the subject-matter oft my 'co'-` pending application SerialNo. 555,355,1iled April 14, 1910'.

In Figs. 3 to 9, inclusive, the reinforce;

ment in the slabs 1 is illustrated. In Figs.

3. 4, and 5, the reinforcement consists 'cfa plurality of reinforcing bars 11 and 12, said bars Il extending transversely of slab 1` and being spaced apart at intervals, and saidy bars 12 extending longtudinallyof said I l slab and, also,` being spaced apart at interivals.l Each bar 11 li'e'snear the bottomsurifa-ce of slab'l inonder to prevent said Slab from sagging and, also, "to prevent the bottom surface of said slab from cracking.4 Bar 11 extends underneath a bar 12 'or a. plural-i ity ofsuch bars in the middle. part of slab.

1, and, near the flange 2 at the sides of said slab, turns upwardly and extends near the top surface of said slab, in order to prevent same from cracking, because at these points the greatest stress is near the top surface. Each part of bar 11 thatV lies .near the top surface of slab 1 extends over a bar 12 or a plurality of such bars and, adjacent the sides of said slab, said bar turns downwardly and extends into the fiange 2 att-he sides of said slab. A pair of bars 13 lies near the upper surface of slab' 1 and extends approximately from end to end of said slab, said bars 13 being located adjacent the sides of said slab and underlying the points where bar 11 turns downwardly into liange 2. Adjacent the bottom of the ange 2 at the sides of slab 1, the ends of bars 11 (preferably turn.

inwardly and upwardly'an form stirrups 14. A bar 15 is embedded in the lower part of flange 2 at one side of slab 1 and another bar 15 is embedded in theV lower part of flange 2 at the other side of said slab. Said bars 15 are preferably located directly below bars 13, respectively, and extend through all f the stirrups 14 that are embedded in flange 2, thereby anchoring the ends of each bar 11 securelyin said flange. By this arrangement, whenever a slab 1 is loaded, the

bars 1-1 lare prevented from being pulled l through the concrete and thechance of sudden failure, z'. e., the chace of the breaking of the adhesion between the bars l1 and the concrete is lessened.

Adjacentl the ends of the slab 1, each bai` 12 turns downwardly over bars 16 and extends into ange 2, at the ends of said slab, and, near the bottom of said flange, the ends of said bar 12 preferably turn inwardly and upwardly and form stirrupsl 17., Bars 18 that are. embedded in the vlower part of fange 2 at the ends of slab 1 extend through the stirrupsl'? and thereby anchor the ends of'bars 12 securely in said flange, so as to` prevent said bars r12 from being pulled through the concrete when said slab is loaded.

Two of. the bars 12 that.. underlie the bars' 11 are preferably located at or near.

the points where'eachbar 11 turns down wardly into themiddle partof said slab, in'

order to prevent said bars 11 from shearing the bottom surface of the middle'part of said slab and, "also, in the top fsurface near" the sides of said slab, but this sagging and cracking is Jprevented by the bars 11:"and 12. The pressure of the loadon slab 11 .not only tends to cause the middle part of said slab to sag, but, also, tends to tilt the flange 2. As the flange at the ends of said slab abuts the tenons 5 of beams t or other supports, and theflange 2 at the sides of said slab is joined to the anges 2 of the slabs 1 adja# cent thereto, the lower part ofsf'aleopresses against the lower part of said tenons and, also, againstV the lower arts of the flanges 2 of the slabs adjacent tli jecting the bars 11 and 12 to tensile stress. By reasonof the ends of bars 11 being anchored in the fiange 2 at the sides of vslab 1 and, also, ofsaidflange being j oined' to the flanges 2 at the sidesjof the slabs 1 adjacent thereto, as hereinabovedescribed, continuous action of the reinforcement in said .slab and the reinforcement in thel next slab 'lo i ereto, thereby sub- 12, and one of'said bars 12 ispreferably located at or near the end of said bar- 11. A plurality of'these short bars 11 isernbedded in one side of slab 1 and another plurality of such bars is embedded in the other side of said slab, the former bars being arranged in staggered relation with respectto the latter bars. Reinforcing bars 19 are embedded in the. lower part of slab 1 and are preferably located in the same vertical planes with the bars11, respectively.-

Each bar 19 extends underneath a bar 12 or a plurality of such bars and, also, underneath a bar 13. Said bar 19 is relatively shorter than the width of slab 1 and extends from one side thereof to a point u`nderneath theend of a bar 11 in the opposite .side of said slab and, also, int-he same vertical plane with said bar 19. By this are rangement,.the bars 11 prevent the top surfaceof slab 1 from cracking adjacent the manner hereinabove described. Said bar 1 1 isfembedded in the lower partof slab 1, in order to .prevent said slabfrom sagging and,

also, to prevent the bottom surface of same from cracking. One end of4 said bar 11.is f

anchored 'in the liange 2 at one side of slab V1 and the other end of same terminates underneath a .bar '13 adjacent the other side of said slab, the next bar 11 being reversed so that its end is anchored in'flange 2f at said other side or' slab 1. Said bar 11 ex- ;tends underneath a bar 1-2 or a vplurality of strong as slabs-heretofore made, thus lessen" fmannen of arranging the reinforcement, as'

hereinabove described, is that less steel and concrete is required to form slabs equally as ing'the dead weight of the structure and reducing the cost of constructionto a Initii-` murn. y

It' should be understood that, while the bars 14 are square and thefather bars are round, bars withV any desiredeross-sectional configuration may be utilized..

I claim: l

1. A concrete slab having a flange' projecting downwardly from the'sides andv ends thereof, reinforcing bars embedded in thev lower partl of said slab an'de'xtending transversely thereof, said bars jturning'upwardly adjacentthe sides of said slab and extending .near the'top surface of same, each of.

said bars turning downwardly adjacent the sides of said slab and' extending intosaid flange and the ends of said bar turningup'f Wardly in said flange and forming stirrups, bars embedded in said flange and extendingl through said stirrup's, bars extendinglongitudinally of said slab and underlying the points where said first-mentioned bars turn downwardly into said flange, and reinforcing barsextending longitudinally ofsaid Aslab and having stirrups at the ends thereof embedded' in 'the ange at the ends' ofv said slab, some of said last-mentioned bars extending underneath the parts of said firstmentioned bars that lie near the top surface of said slab andI another of said last-mentioned barsI extending above the parts of said first-mentioned bars that lie in the lower part of'said slab.

2. A concrete slab having a flange projecting downwarly from thesides and ends thereof,` reinforcing bars 'extending transversely of the length of and embedded 'in4 the upper part of said'slab and located ad'- jacent the sides of same, the bars adjacent eneside of said slab being alternately yarranged with respect to the bars adjacent the other side of said slab,reinforcingcbars-l ernbedded in the lower ,part of saidslab and extending transversely -of same, said lastmentioned bars being relatively shorter than the width of said slab and being disposed on opposite sides of 'theI slab so that-'a bar on Yone side extends between' a pair of bars on theopposite side, and each of said .firstmentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in said flange.'

3. concrete slab having a'ftange projectingfdownwardly from the'sides and ends thereof', reinforcing bars extending transverse'ly of theflength. of and embedded in the upper part of said slab and located adjacent-thesides of same,'the bars adjacentone side"'of*said slab being alternately arranged with respect to the bars adjacent the other side of said'slab, reinforcing bars embedded in the lower part of said slab and extendingr transversely of same, said lastmentioned bars being relatively shorter than the width vof said slab and being disposed on opposite sides of the slab so that a bar on one side extends between a pair of bars on the opposite side, and each of said firstmentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in said fiange, said second-mentioned bars being disposed in the same vertical planes with said first-mentioned bars, respectively, and `extending partly underneath the ends of saine. s

Ll; Aconcrete slab `having a Bange project'- ing downwardly from the sides and ends Ythereof, reinforcing bars extending transversely of the length of and embedded in the-upper part: of said slab and located ad- I opposite sides of -the slab so that a bar on one side extends between a pair of bars onthe opposite side,` each of said first-mentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in said ange, said second-mentioned bars being-disposed in the same-vertical planes with said first-mentioned bars, respectively, and extending partly underneath the ends 0f same, and bars extending longitudinally of said slab and extending over said secondmentioned bars and under said irst-menj tioned bars. t,

5. A concrete slab having a flange project-- ing downwardly fromthe sides and ends thereof, reinforcing bars extending transversely of the length of andembedded in the upper part of said slab and located adjacent the sides of same, the bars adjacent one side Vof'said slab'l being alternately arranged with respect to the'bar's adjacent the other side of said slab, reinforcing bars embedded in th`e i lower part of said slab and extending trans-` versely of same, said last-mentioned bars b eing-relatively shorter than the width of said slab and beingdisposed on opposite sides of the slab so that a-bar on one side extends between apairv of bars on the oppositeside, each vdt said first-mentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in said flange, said secondmentioned barsbeing disposed in the same' vertical planes "with said first-mentioned bars, respectively, andk extending partly underneath the ends of same, bars extendingY longitudinally of said slab and extend-` anchored in the ange at the ends offsaidI slab. v

6. A concrete slab having a iiange projecting downwardly from the sides and e'nds thereof, -reinforcing bars extending transviersely in the lower part of said'slab and turning upwardly adjacent one side f said slab and extending near thetop surface of the same, reinforcing bars extending transversely`\in the lower part of said `slab and c turning upwardly adjacent the otherside of mentioned bars, so that each of the former.

said slab and extending near the top surface ofthe same,said first-mentioned bars being arranged with respect to said second-men# tioned bars,-l so that a bar of thetirst-mentioned bars extends between a pair of bars of thesecond mentioned bars, each of said first-mentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in the flange at one side of said slab, and each of said second-mentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in the flange at the other side of said slab.

7. A .concrete slab having a flange projecting downwardly from the sides and ends thereof, reinforcing bars extending transversely in the lower part of said slab and turning upwardly adjacent one side of said slab and extending near the top surface of I'the same, reinforcing bars extending transversely in the lower part of said slab and .turning upwardly adjacent the other'side of saidv slab and` extending near the top surface of thesarne, 'said first-mentioned bars being arranged with respect to said seconde-xtends between a pair of the latter, each of said first-mentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in the flange at one side of said" slab, each of 'said second-mentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in the flange at the other side of said slab, and bars extending longitudinally of said slab and extending over the parts of'all of saidiirst-mefntioned and second-mentioned bars that lie in the lower part of said slab and under the parts of all of said first-mentioned andsecond-mentioned bars that lie near the upper surface of said slab..

8. A concrete slab having a Hange 'prob jecting downwardly from the sides and ends thereof, reinforcing'bars extending transnv ersely in the lower part of said slab and jturnin'g upwardly adjacentone side of said slab andextending near the top surface of face ofthe same, said first-mentioned bars being arranged with respect to said secondmentionedbars so that each of the former extends between a pair of the latter, each of I said first-.mentioned bars having a st-irrup anchored in the flange at one side of sald slab, each of said second-mentioned bars having a stirrup anchored in the flange at the other side of said slab, bars extending longitudinally of said slab and extending over the parts of all of said first-mentioned and second-mentioned bars that lie in the' lower part of said slab and under the parts of all of said first-mentioned and second-mentioned bars that .Vlie near the upper surface of said slab, and stirrups borne by some of said bars that extend longitudinally of said slab and being anchored in the iiange at the ends of said slab. f

9. A concrete slab having a downwardly projecting flange, and a bar embedded in the slab and having its end portion turned downwardly. and extending along the outer 'side ofthe flange and being bent inwardly toward the slab center and extending adjacent the bottom side4 of the iiange, and being finally bent upwardly and extending adjacent the inner side of the flange, whereby theflange is reinforced '-on' all of its said three` sides, a longitudinal bar disposed in the space between the' portions of said transverse bar which extends alongjthe sides of said slab ilange, and a second longitudinal is disposed adjacent the downturned end thereof. l0. A concrete slab having a flange projecting downwardly from each side thereof,k

,pressedv central horizontal portion that connects the .horizontal outer portionsand .is located adjacent the slab bottom, a longitudinal bar arranged at each endofl said outer portions on the under sides of the latter, and a longitudinal bar arranged at bar which underlies said transverse bar and substantially the center of the depressed central horizontal portion, and overlying the latter. c

Vln testimony 'whereof l hereunto aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN E. ooNznLMAN.

Witnesses: ,y

GEORGE G. ANDERSON, 'GLADYS WALTON. 

